Kayan Aikin Hakowa na Al'ada

Matsaloli uku da za a magance a fannin kula da hanyoyin ruwa:

① Yi ƙira mai kyau ga tsarin haɗa ramin ƙasa (BHA) don sarrafa saurin canjin kusurwar karkacewar ramin.

② Zana ko zaɓi kayan aikin ramin da ya dace tare da tsare-tsare na musamman don sarrafa saurin canjin kusurwar ramin azimuth.

③ Zaɓi da kuma sarrafa nauyin bit ɗin (WOB) cikin hikima don daidaita saurin shigar bit ɗin a tsaye da girman ƙarfin samuwarsa, ta haka ne za a cimma ikon sarrafa lanƙwasa mai kyau.

Kayan aikin haƙowa na al'ada sun haɗa da ƙananan na'urori masu auna sigina, ƙulla masu ƙarfin maganadisu (NMDC), bututun haƙo mai nauyi (HWDP), masu daidaita sigina, goge maɓalli, da sauransu.

I. Sub na alkibla

1. Nau'o'i

Sub madaidaiciyar hanya: Ana amfani da shi don haƙa ramin hanya tare da haƙa rami mai lanƙwasa (PCD).

Lanƙwasa ƙarƙashin jagora: Ana amfani da shi don haƙa ramin shugabanci tare da haƙa ramin ci gaba na gidaje madaidaiciya (PCD).

2. Tsarin Asali

1) Sub madaidaiciyar hanya

Abubuwan da aka haɗa: Gidaje 4, hannun riga mai tsakiya 1, maɓallin jagora 3, sukurori mai saita 2

2) Sub ɗin da ke lanƙwasa a alkibla

Abubuwan da aka haɗa: Gidaje 4, hannun tsakiya 1, maɓallin shugabanci 3, sukurori 2. Idan aka kwatanta da ƙaramin madaidaiciyar hanya, yana da kusurwar lanƙwasa ta tsari λ, kuma dabarar lissafi ita ce:λ = 57.3 × (a – b) / d

II. Ba a haɗa murfin haƙar magnetik ba (NMDC)

1. Aiki

Kare kayan aikin auna maganadisu don gujewa kurakuran aunawa.

Yi ayyukan ƙulla na yau da kullun.

2. Kayan Aikin Murhu Mara Magnetic

Galibi sun haɗa da ƙarfen Monel (wanda ke ɗauke da jan ƙarfe, nickel, chromium, da sauransu), ƙarfen chromium-nickel, ƙarfen austenitic wanda aka gina a kan chromium-manganese, ƙarfen beryllium-copper, ƙarfen da ba na maganadisu ba na SMFI, da ƙarfen manganese-chromium-nickel na cikin gida.

3. Zaɓin Tsawon Maƙallin Ramin da Ba Mai Magnetic ba

Duba "Taswirar Ƙarfin Filin Magnetic na Duniya Mai Kwance". Zaɓin da ya dace na tsawon abin wuya na haƙa rami mara maganadisu yana ba da damar auna daidai na azimuth na maganadisu a cikin ɓangaren ramin buɗe. Mafi girman ƙarfin maganadisu na yankin, haka nan maƙallin haƙa ramin da ba na maganadisu ba da ake buƙata ya daɗe.

4. Dubawa da Amfani da Maƙallan Rage Rage Na Magnetic

1) Daidaiton saman waje na abin wuyan haƙa mara maganadisu zai zama ≤ 2mm/m, kuma madaidaicin tsawon gaba ɗaya zai zama ≤ 5mm/m.

2)Ƙuraje a saman bututun da ke cikin abin wuyan da ba shi da maganadisu ba zai wuce ƙayyadadden iyakar gogewa da aka yarda ba.

3)Zaren zai yi laushi, ba tare da wata alama mara daidaito ba, tsagewa, ko kuma wasu lahani da za a iya samu.

4）Ƙarfin da za a iya amfani da shi wajen haɗa zaren abin wuya na wanda ba shi da maganadisu zai zama ≥ ƙarancin ƙarfin juyawa da aka ƙayyade.

5)Za a duba ƙarfin maganadisu da daidaiton maganadisu na abin wuyan rawar da ba na maganadisu ba sau ɗaya a shekara, kuma sakamakon binciken zai yi daidai da ƙa'idodin Ma'aunin Murfin Murfin da Ba na Magnetic ba (SY5145-86).

III. Bututun Rage Nauyi Mai Nauyi (HWDP)

Ana amfani da shi a ƙasan BHA don maye gurbin abin wuyan haƙa rami don amfani da matsin lamba. A cikin ayyukan jagora tare da kayan aikin sitiyari, yana rage yankin hulɗa da bangon rijiyar, yana rage juriyar gogayya, yana sauƙaƙa ayyukan zamiya, yana haɓaka amincin ramin ƙasa, kuma yana da amfani ga sarrafa sigogin rijiyar alkibla. Hakanan yana aiki a matsayin ɓangaren sauyawa tsakanin abin wuyan haƙa rami da bututun haƙa rami don rage canje-canjen tauri.

IV. Mai daidaita

1.Aikace-aikacen Masu Daidaitawa a Hakowa a Hanyar Hanya

A cikin tarin BHAs da BHAs masu raguwa, masu daidaita suna aiki azaman abubuwan cikas. Ta hanyar daidaita matsayin masu daidaita abubuwa a cikin BHA na ƙasa, ana iya canza yanayin damuwa na BHA na ƙasa don cimma nasarar sarrafa hanyar da ba ta da kyau.

2.Ƙara taurin BHA na ƙasa don daidaita karkacewar rami da azimuth. A cikin BHAs masu riƙe kusurwa, taurin BHA na ƙasa yana ƙaruwa ta hanyar rage tazara tsakanin bit da mai daidaita, da kuma tsakanin masu daidaita, don iyakance lalacewar matsewar BHA na ƙasa da kuma cimma tasirin riƙe karkacewar.

3.A yi wa ramin rijiya ado domin ya sa lanƙwasa ramin ya yi laushi da santsi, wanda hakan ke taimakawa wajen rage faruwar matsalolin ramin da ke ƙasa.

Lura! Lokacin da ake shigar da na'urar daidaita wutar lantarki cikin rijiyar kuma ana fitar da ita daga cikin rijiyar, a auna diamita na waje na na'urar daidaita wutar lantarki a hankali, a duba yanayin lalacewa da kuma matsayin shigarwa a cikin BHA. Rufewar na'urar daidaita wutar lantarki daga waje ba zai wuce 2mm ba.

Nau'ikan masu daidaita abubuwa:

Mai daidaita haƙarƙari mai daidaito Mai daidaita haƙarƙari mai zagaye biyar (lobe uku) mai daidaitawa

Na'urar daidaita karkace mai lobe biyar (lobe uku)r Hannun matsewa mai maye gurbin

Mai daidaita yanayin lobe uku mai tsauriMai daidaita ma'auni mai maye gurbinsa

V. Maɓallin Maɓalli

Siffar siffar geometric na goge maɓalli tana kama da ta na na'urar daidaita maɓalli. Girman gaba ɗaya ya fi na na'urar daidaita maɓalli ƙanƙanta amma ya fi na abin wuya na haƙa rami. Ba kamar na'urar daidaita maɓalli ba, duka kafadu na sama da na ƙasa na na'urar daidaita maɓalli an haɗa su da na'urori masu ƙarfi na ƙarfe zuwa siffar mazugi, wanda ke da ayyukan yankewa, sake gyarawa, da goge kujerun maɓalli.

Matsayin goge makullin a cikin igiyar haƙa shine kamar haka:

1. BHA ta ƙware wajen goge kujeru masu mahimmanci

Tsarin BHA don goge kujerun maɓalli na gabaɗaya: Bit + ƙaramin abin wuya mai girman haƙa (50)～60m) + mashin goge makulli + kwalbar haƙa + bututun haƙa mai nauyi (HWDP).

Don goge kujeru masu tsayi, ana iya amfani da BHA mai zuwa: Bit + 1 na ƙaramin abin wuyan haƙa rami + goge mai kujera + 1 na ƙaramin abin wuyan haƙa rami + haɗin gwiwa mai sassauƙa + kwalban haƙa rami + bututun haƙa rami mai nauyi (HWDP).

Diamita na waje na ƙaramin abin wuyan haƙa rami a cikin igiyar haƙa ramin zai zama iri ɗaya da diamita na waje na haɗin bututun haƙa ramin da ake amfani da shi yayin haƙa ramin. Lokacin da ake gudanar da igiyar haƙa ramin zuwa kusan mita 100 sama da wurin zama na maɓalli, a kula da saurin gudu; idan aka gamu da juriya, a fara sake yin haƙa ramin kuma a sarrafa WOB sosai (galibi ƙasa da 49kN).

2. Goge Kujera Mai Maɓalli Yayin Hakowa

A fannin haƙa ramin da ke fuskantar hanya, tun daga ɓangaren da aka gina shi, ana amfani da goge-goge masu makulli a cikin ramin ƙasa na BHA. Dangane da lanƙwasa na ramin rijiya da aka haƙa da kuma tsarin samuwarsa, ana amfani da goge-goge masu makulli don sake yin gyare-gyare a sassan "ƙafafun kare" inda kujerun ke da mahimmanci za su iya samuwa, don hana samuwar kujerun makulli.

VI. Bawul ɗin Tafiya

Babban aikinsa shine hana kwararar ruwan haƙa rami (wanda zai iya lalata kayan aikin auna ramin ƙasa) da kuma hana toshe bututun biredi.

VII. Rukunin Hanger

Ana sanya kayan aikin aunawa yayin haƙa rami (MWD) a ciki, wanda ke samar da yanayi mai aminci da kwanciyar hankali na aunawa ga MWD.

Akwai layin ma'auni mai tsayi a bangon waje na sashin rataye, wanda ake amfani da shi don daidaita gefen babban aikin haƙa rami mai ci gaba (PCD) da kuma auna ƙimar daidaitawa tsakanin MWD da PCD. Bangon ciki na ɓangaren yana da maɓalli mai fitowa, wanda ake amfani da shi lokacin da aka saita MWD. ​​Idan ba a amfani da MWD ba, dole ne a mayar da hankali kan cire sashin rataye da farko don guje wa wanke maɓallin saboda yawan kwararar ruwa (wanda zai iya haifar da haɗurra a cikin ramin).

Kwalba ta VIII

Babban aikinsa shine kiyaye daidaiton aiki na igiyar rami da kuma haƙa rami, da kuma taimakawa wajen 'yantar da bututun da ke makale lokacin da bututun ya manne.

IX. Haɗin gwiwa mai sassauƙa

Babban aikinsa shine kare kwalbar da kuma ƙara laushin igiyar haƙa yayin yin haƙa.