Labarai

Tsarin Hako Mai Juyawa (RSS) tsarin hakowa ne mai sarrafawa wanda, yayin da igiyar hakowa ke juyawa, yana sa ido da kuma sarrafa juyawar bututun hakowa a ainihin lokaci don yin ayyukan tuƙi, wanda ke ba da damar ayyukan hakowa su isa ga abin da aka nufa daidai. Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin rijiyoyin da ke fuskantar hanya da kuma rijiyoyin kwance.
I. Hakowa a Hanya
Hakowa ta hanyar alkibla wata fasaha ce ta hakowa da ke amfani da kayan aikin hakowa na musamman, kayan aikin aunawa, da dabarun sarrafa hanyar hakowa ta hanyar rijiya yadda ya kamata, wanda ke ba da damar hakowa ya isa ga wani abin da aka riga aka tsara a cikin ramin ƙasa tare da takamaiman alkibla. A zahiri, hakowa ta hanyar alkibla wata hanya ce ta hakowa ta hanyar ramin da ke bin kusurwar karkacewa da azimuth da aka riga aka tsara don isa ga yankin da ake nufi.
Babban nau'ikan bayanin martaba sun haɗa da nau'i uku:

Bayanin sassa biyu: sashe a tsaye + sashe na ginawa
Bayanin sassa uku: sashe a tsaye + sashe na ginawa + sashe mai tangent
Bayanin sassa biyar: sashin tsaye na sama + sashin gini + sashin tangent + sashin saukewa + sashin tsaye na ƙasa

Muhimman matakai uku a fasahar haƙa ramin hanya:

① Amfani da abin toshewa (kayan aikin cirewa) don haƙa hanya
② Amfani da injin rami mai saukowa tare da lanƙwasa ƙasa don haƙa ramin da ke fuskantar hanya
③ Amfani da injin da za a iya tuƙawa (motar da ke lanƙwasa a ƙasan rami) don haƙa hanya

II. Hakowa a Kwance

Rijiyoyin kwance wani nau'in rijiya ce ta al'ada. Rijiyoyin mai na gargajiya suna tsaye ko kuma suna karkacewa ta cikin madatsar ruwa, tare da ɗan gajeren sashe da ke ratsa ta cikin madatsar ruwa. Sabanin haka, ana haƙa rijiyoyin kwance a tsaye ko kuma a karkata zuwa madatsar ruwa, sannan kuma rijiyar ta juya zuwa kusan kwance, tana gudana a layi ɗaya da madatsar ruwa sannan ta haƙa wani dogon sashe ta cikinta har sai an kammala. Irin waɗannan rijiyoyin za su iya ratsa ta cikin madatsar ruwa na tsawon ɗaruruwa ko ma fiye da mita dubu biyu, wanda hakan ke sauƙaƙa dawo da mai. Juriyar kwararar ruwa na madatsar ruwa da ke shiga cikin madatsar ruwa yana raguwa, wanda ke haifar da ƙarfin samarwa sau da yawa fiye da na rijiyoyin tsaye ko na karkacewa na yau da kullun.

Komawa zuwa RSS

RSS yana ba da fa'idodi kamar rage gogayya da ƙarfin juyi, yawan shigar ruwa (ROP), ƙarancin kuɗi, gajeren lokacin gina rijiya, yanayin rijiya mai santsi, sauƙin sarrafawa, da tsayin sassan kwance mai tsawo. Ya ƙunshi tsarin juyawa mai juyawa a cikin rami, tsarin sa ido da sarrafawa a saman, da kuma fasahar sadarwa mai hanyoyi biyu da ke haɗa waɗannan sassan biyu.

Ana iya rarraba RSS ta hanyar yanayin aiki na tsarin tuƙi zuwa cikinson zuciya mara canzawakumason zuciya mai ƙarfiTa hanyar ƙa'idar tuƙi, za a iya raba ta zuwatura-da-ƙasakumamaki-da-bittsarin.

① Tura-da-bit

Wannan tsarin yana amfani da ƙarfin gefe kai tsaye zuwa ga bit ɗin da ke kusa da bit ɗin. Ana sanya mai daidaita siginar offset na haɗin ramin ƙasa mai juyawa (RSBHA) na turawa da bit ɗin, tare da masu daidaita siginar haƙa da yawa da aka haɗa a jere a bayansa. A lokacin tuƙi, ƙarfin karkatarwa da kayan aikin tuƙi na eccentric ke samarwa yana sa RSBHA ta karkata da gina kusurwa. (Wannan yakan haifar da siffar ramin helical mai ƙarfi, rashin tsaftace rami mara kyau, da kuma raguwar diamita mai inganci na ramin, watau, girman ramin rijiya ya zama ƙasa da diamita na bit ɗin.)

② Nuna-da-bit

Wannan tsarin yana jagorantar bit ɗin zuwa ga hanyar da ake so ta hanyar lanƙwasa igiyar haƙa kusa da bit ɗin. Ana sanya na'urar daidaita siginar offset na RSBHA tsakanin masu daidaita siginar guda biyu, wanda ke cimma siginar juyawa galibi ta kusurwar bit ɗin. (Ingancin ingancin wellbore, tare da matsakaicin ƙarfin dogleg ya wuce 15°/30m.)