Fahimtar Maki V6 zuwa V0 na Packer (Kashi na 2): Fahimtar Rarraba "Masu Tsaron Hannu" na Downhole daga Ma'aunin API 11D1

A cikin layin tsaro na ƙarƙashin ƙasa na samar da mai da iskar gas,masu tattara kayaKayan aiki ne masu mahimmanci waɗanda ke hana kwararar ruwa daga rijiyoyin da ke haɗuwa da kuma tabbatar da amincin rijiyoyin. Duk da haka, buƙatun aikin rufewa sun bambanta sosai a cikin yanayi daban-daban na rijiyoyi: rijiyoyin gargajiya marasa zurfi suna buƙatar rufewa ta asali kawai, yayin da rijiyoyin tsami masu zurfi masu zafi sosai suna buƙatar kariya daga zubewa ba tare da zubewa ba.

Ma'aunin API 11D1 don Kayan Aikin Downhole—Masu Shiryawa da Matosai na Gada a Masana'antar Man Fetur da Iskar Gas sun bayyana a sarari cewa ma'aunin matosai yana ƙaruwa kaɗan daga V6 zuwa V0; ƙaramin adadin, mafi tsaurin buƙatun aiki—V6 shine matakin shigarwa na asali, yayin da V0 shine matakin aiki na ƙarshe, tare da kowane maki ya dace da ƙa'idodin gwaji bayyanannu da yanayi masu dacewa.

A yau za mu raba tushen fasaha, yanayin da ya dace, da buƙatun gwaji na maki V2, V1, da V0 don taimaka muku zaɓar "mai gadi" na ramin da ya dace.

Da farko, ku fahimci: Me yasa na'urorin tattara bayanai na API 11D1 "grade" suke yin fakiti? Rikicewar rijiyoyin mai da iskar gas ta wuce tunanin tunani: rijiyoyi masu zurfi na iya jure matsin lamba na MPa 10 kawai da zafin jiki na 50°C, yayin da rijiyoyin iskar gas masu zurfi na teku na iya wuce 100 MPa a matsin lamba, wasu rijiyoyin iskar gas galibi suna wuce 170°C a zafin jiki, kuma rijiyoyin mai tsami suna fuskantar haɗarin lalatawa akai-akai. Rashin daidaita na'urar tattara bayanai mai ƙarancin inganci da rijiya mai matsin lamba (kamar "amfani da ƙaramin doki don jan keken hawa mai nauyi") na iya haifar da gazawar hatimi da haɗarin fashewa; akasin haka, amfani da na'urorin tattara bayanai masu matuƙar ƙarfi a cikin rijiyoyin gargajiya yana ɓatar da farashi.

Ga rijiyoyin samar da iskar gas da rijiyoyin allura, API 11D1 ya ƙayyade buƙatun gwajin tabbatarwa don azuzuwan uku: V2, V1, da V0.

Darasi na V2: Matakin Shiga don Rufe Gas

Ma'anar Fasaha ta Daidaitacce: V2 ya haɗa da gwajin rufe gas a karon farko; shine mafi ƙarancin matakin shiga ga masu tattara rijiyoyin gas, tare da kimantawa ta asali ta mai da hankali kan amincin rufewa a cikin yanayin kwararar matakai da yawa.

Yanayin Rijiyar da ta dace

• Rijiyoyi masu zurfi (mita 4,000–5,000)
• Matsin aiki ≤ 138 MPa (≈ 1,400 kgf/cm²)
• Zafin aiki ≤ 177°C
• Matsakaici: Gudun matakai da yawa tare da rabon mai da iskar gas (GOR) > 500, yana ɗauke da ƙananan adadin H₂S (ƙaramin matsin lamba ≤ 0.07 MPa)
• Babban canjin matsin lamba (misali, rijiyoyin samarwa bayan ayyukan karyewar al'ada)

Yanayin da Aka Saba

Rijiyoyin iskar gas na gargajiya a bakin teku, rijiyoyin ci gaba a cikin ma'ajiyar ruwa mai ƙarancin sulfur.

Bukatun Gwaji

• Dole ne da farko ku wuce cikakken gwajin V3
• Gwajin rufe gas: Ta amfani da nitrogen a matsayin matsakaici, riƙe matsin lamba a kashi 80% na matsin lamba na tsawon mintuna 15; ƙimar zubarwa ≤ santimita 10 na yau da kullun a minti ɗaya (sccm)
• Gwajin nauyin axial mai ƙarfi: Aiwatar da ƙarfin axial ±100 kN, tare da gwajin zagayowar matsin lamba
• Dole ne a bayar da rahoton gwajin gwajin hatimin gas mai ƙima

Darasi na V1: An daidaita shi da Muhalli Masu Tsanani

Ma'anar Fasaha: Dangane da V2, V1 yana haɓaka zagayowar zafin jiki da gwajin haɗin nauyi mai ƙarfi; yana daidaitawa da canjin yanayin aiki mai tsanani a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba mai yawa/zafi mai yawa, kuma shine babban zaɓi ga rijiyoyi masu zurfi/zurfi mai matuƙar yawa.

Yanayin Rijiyar da ta dace

• Rijiyoyi masu zurfi sosai (mita 5,000–6,000)
• Matsin aiki ≤ 172 MPa (≈ 1,750 kgf/cm²)
• Zafin aiki ≤ 204°C (zafin canjin yanayi ≤ 100°C)
• Matsakaici: Ya ƙunshi H₂S (ƙaramin matsin lamba ≤ 0.5 MPa) da CO₂ (ƙaramin matsin lamba ≤ 8 MPa)
• Nauyin aiki mai ƙarfi (misali, fashewar rijiyoyin kwance na iskar shale, girgizar bututun bututun ruwa mai zurfi)

Yanayin da Aka Saba

Rijiyoyin mai na kwance na shale gas, rijiyoyin mai na zurfin teku, matakin ci gaban rijiyoyin iskar gas mai yawan sulfur.

Bukatun Gwaji

• Dole ne da farko ku wuce cikakken gwajin V2
• Gwajin zagayowar zafin jiki: Zagaye sau 10 tsakanin -29°C da 204°C, riƙe matsin lamba na tsawon awanni 2 a kowane lokaci ba tare da zubewa ba
• Zagayen matsin lamba mai ƙarfi: Zagayen sau 500 tsakanin 0 da 100% na matsin lamba da aka ƙima, gami da girgizar matsin lamba mai ƙarfi
• Bukatar yawan zubar iskar gas: ≤ 0.1 sccm Kwaikwayi faɗaɗa/ƙunƙulewar igiyar bututu (±50.8 mm) da nakasar radial; aikin rufewa bai canza ba

Darasi na V0: Babban "Mai Tsaro", Tushen Tsaron Bazuwar Zubewa

Ma'anar Fasaha: V0 shine mafi girman maki a cikin API 11D1; yana rufe duk samfuran gwaji na ƙananan maki, tare da ƙarin "haɗin gas mara kumfa" da "gwajin juyawar matsin lamba" - shine "layin kariya na ƙarshe" ga mahalli masu tsauri.

Yanayin Rijiyar da ta dace

• Rijiyoyi masu zurfi sosai masu zafin gaske (> mita 6,000)
• Matsin aiki > 103 MPa, zafin jiki > 177°C (yanayin zafi mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi (HPHT))
• Matsakaici: Ya ƙunshi H₂S mai yawan maida hankali (matsin ɗan lokaci ≥ 1 MPa) da CO₂ (matsin ɗan lokaci ≥ 10 MPa)
• Yana buƙatar rufewa ta dindindin (misali, ayyukan toshe rijiyoyin da barin aiki (P&A)) ko kuma buƙatun aminci mai tsauri (misali, rijiyoyin zubar da sharar nukiliya)

Yanayin da Aka Saba

Rijiyoyin iskar gas mai yawan sulfur a yankin Sichuan, ma'ajiyar iskar gas mai yawan matsin lamba a cikin teku mai zurfi, da kuma rijiyoyin zafi na ƙasa.

Bukatun Gwaji (Mafi Tsauri Tsauri)

• Dole ne da farko ku wuce cikakken gwajin V1
• Rufe iskar gas mai kumfa: Yin amfani da helium a matsayin matsakaici, riƙe matsin lamba a matsin lamba na minti 15; babu tarin kumfa a cikin silinda mai digiri (yawan zubar da ruwa ya kusa kusan sifili)
• Gwajin juyawar matsi: Yi juyawar alkiblar matsi guda biyu a matsakaicin matsin lamba, ba tare da gazawar hatimi ba
• Ingantaccen zagayowar zafin jiki: Yana sanyaya da sauri daga 204°C zuwa -29°C, riƙe matsin lamba, sannan a sake dumamawa; rufewa yana da tasiri a duk lokacin
• Dole ne a yi amfani da fasahar gano ɗigon ruwa don cimma gano ɗigon ruwa mai inganci + adadi

Ka'idoji 3 Masu Muhimmanci Don Guji Matsalolin Zaɓe

(1) Zaɓi aƙalla Grade V2 don rijiyoyin iskar gas, aƙalla Grade V1 don rijiyoyin tsami, kuma dole ne ka zaɓi Grade V0 don rijiyoyin HPHT;

(2) Haɓaka darajar bisa ga nauyin da ke aiki: Ga rijiyoyin da ke da ayyukan fracturing/acidizing, haɓaka matakin tushe da matakin 1 (misali, V2 → V1);

(3) Duba ɗaukar takardar shaida: Aji V0 zai iya rufe duk yanayin ƙananan matakai, amma tabbatar da cewa rahoton gwajin ya haɗa da sigogin yanayin rijiyar da aka yi niyya (misali, zafin jiki, matsin lamba, matsakaici).

Muhimmin Tunatarwa: Daraja "Dangantakar Haɗaka"

API 11D1 ya bayyana a sarari cewa na'urorin tattara bayanai masu inganci suna rufe aikin ƙananan matakai ta atomatik. Misali: Ana iya amfani da samfurin da aka tabbatar da ingancinsa zuwa ga Grade V0 kai tsaye a cikin yanayi na Grade V1–V6; duk da haka, ba za a taɓa amfani da samfurin Grade V5 a cikin rijiyoyin iskar gas da ke buƙatar rufewa da gas na Grade V2 ba.

• Zaɓar ma'aunin ...

Ana fatan wannan fassarar da aka sake fasalta za ta taimaka muku guje wa rashin fahimtar maki, ta hanyar tabbatar da cewa kowace rijiya tana amfani da kayan aikin rufe ramin da ya dace da ƙarfinsa.

Tuntuɓi:Jessie Zhou

Wayar Salula/WhatsApp:+0086-18109206861
Imel:energy@landrilltools.com